The first nucleus of the city of Baghdad was the “Round City” (Madinat al-Salam) founded by the Abbasid caliph al- Mansur in 762 AD and completed in 766 AD on the west bank of the Tigris in a strategic location in the middle of Mesopotamia. The city, known as ‘the Round City’, was built as two large semicircles with a mosque at the centre and housed the caliph’s palace, libraries, government and military buildings. It also contained parks, gardens, squares and wide avenues. Residential areas for all but the most important people, markets and businesses were built outside the city...
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